基于物联网的智慧园区信息平台的设计与实现

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Hebei University of Science and Technology Dissertation for the Master Degree Design and Realization of Information Platform of Smart Park Based on IOT Classified Index：TP311.5 Secrecy Rate：Publicized UDC：004 University Code：10082 Candidate： Zhao Donghui Supervisor: Prof. Zhang Xiaoming Busines Enterprise Supervisor： SN ENGR. Su Qingzhu Academic DegreeApplied for： Master of Engineering (Part-time) Speciality： Computer Technology Employer： School of Information Science and Engineering Date of Oral Examination: DECEMBER, 2017 摘 要 I 摘 要 随着物联网、云计算、大数据、移动互联网等热门技术的不断发展，智慧城市、 智慧园区的各种研究炙手可热，人类正在快速进入一个数字化、智慧化的新时代， 智慧化的管理和服务正在改变着人们的生活。智慧园区是智慧城市重要的表现形式 和缩影，但目前的建设中存在着数据压力不平衡、感知节点数量少、无线传感能力 有限、非结构化数据分析能力不足等问题。 本文首先分析了国内外的研究现状，通过需求分析确定了满足绿色环保需求、 高效快捷需求、安全防范需求和智慧人文需求为系统的开发目标，并做出了以下工 作：1）进行了信息平台的总体设计，提出了园区的整体技术架构和功能架构，并对 传输网络、传感系统等组成部分进行了设计；2）针对园区海量数据采集和传输的需 求，采用了组网方式多、节点增删灵活、能耗低、节点容量大的 ZigBee 技术，对其 传感器节点、路由器、协调器等系统硬件和采集节点、路由器、协调器等系统软件 进行了设计，并将这一方案应用于园区的海量环境数据采集和传输，实现了环境智 能监测的采集层和传输层的各项功能；3）针对安保功能、环境灾害救援功能、智慧 物流功能等对于视频的需求，采用了以光流场分析技术为基础的智慧视频用于目标 检测、目标识别和行为预判，为提高行为检测和分析的准确程度，设计了基于卷积 神经网络的学习机用于系统的深度学习和在线升级，完成了智慧视频为多项功能服 务的目标，实现信息的互联互通。 文章所采用的 ZigBee 技术很好地解决了智慧园区对于海量无线传感数据的采集 和传输问题，并利用智慧视频技术实现的行为检测和识别功能用于多项服务，以这 两项技术为基础的信息平台很好地满足了智慧园区的实际需要。 关键词 物联网；智慧园区；信息平台；ZigBee；智慧视频 Abstract III Abstract With the development of the popular technologies such as IOT, cloud computing, big data and mobile network, the studies on smart city and smart park are carried on with high enthusiasm. The mankind is stepping into a new era of digitization and intelligence, when the intelligent management and service are changing our lives. Smart park is a significant manifestation and epitome of smart city. However, there are some problems such as unbalanced data pressure, lacking of sensing nodes, limited wireless sensing ability and insufficient analysis ability of unstructured data. Firstly, this paper analyzes the domestic and foreign research status. Through the requirement analysis, it ensures that the developing goal of the system is to meet the demands in green environmental protection, efficiency, convenience, security precaution and intelligent humanities. The following works are completed for this paper: 1) Based on the overall design of the information platform, the general technical and frameworks are proposed, and such components as transmission network and sensing system are subsequently designed; 2) ZigBee is adopted to meet the collection and transmission demand of mass data, which has various networking modes, flexible nodes, low energy consumption and high nodes capacity. We also design the hardware (such as sensing nodes, router and coordinator) and software (such as sampling nodes, router and coordinator) of the system, apply the project to the collection and transmission work of mass data in the park, and realize the functions of collection layer and transmission layer in environmental intelligent monitoring; 3) Aiming at the demands of function like security, environmental disaster relief and intelligent logistics, smart video is employed based on optical flow field analysis technology in target detection, target identification and behavior anticipation. In order to improve and analyze the behavior-based detection’s accuracy degree, a learning machine is designed based on convolutional neural network for deep learning and upgrade systems, which completes the target of smart video functional serves and realizes the internet interconnection of information. ZigBee technology adopted in this paper has well solved the collection and transmission problems of mass wireless sensor data of smart park. In addition, the behavior detection and identification functions of smart video technology are utilized for multiple services. The information platform based on these two technologies well satisfies 河北科技大学硕士学位论文 IV the actual demands of smart park. Key words IOT；Smart park；Information plat；ZigBee；Intelligent video 目 录 V 目 录 摘 要································································································································· I Abstract····························································································································· III 第 1 章 绪 论···················································································································1 1.1 论文的研究背景·····································································································1 1.2 国内外研究现状·····································································································1 1.3 研究内容和论文结构·····························································································4 第 2 章 智慧园区相关技术综述····················································································· 7 2.1 物联网技术的发展现状及关键技术·····································································7 2.1.1 无线射频识别技术························································································· 7 2.1.2 传感器技术····································································································· 7 2.1.3 视频采集与处理技术····················································································· 8 2.1.4 网络通讯技术································································································· 8 2.2 基于物联网的智慧园区信息平台的关键技术·····················································8 2.2.1 技术架构的设计····························································································· 8 2.2.2 海量无线传感器灵活组网的设计··································································9 2.2.3 智慧视频技术的应用····················································································11 2.3 本章小结··············································································································13 第 3 章 智慧园区信息平台的需求分析和整体设计····················································15 3.1 智慧园区信息平台的需求·················································································· 15 3.1.1 基础设施需求分析······················································································· 15 3.1.2 信息化处理的需求分析················································································16 3.2 智慧园区信息平台的基础技术架构···································································19 3.3 大数据处理层的设计·························································································· 20 3.4 智慧园区信息平台的功能层次结构和主要子系统··········································· 22 3.4.1 智慧园区信息平台的功能层次结构····························································22 3.4.2 智能环境监测和灾害预警子系统································································23 3.4.3 智能物流子系统··························································································· 25 3.4.4 智能安防和预警子系统················································································25 3.5 智慧园区传输网络的设计·················································································· 26 3.5.1 有线和无线网络··························································································· 26 3.5.2 视频专线网络······························································································· 26 河北科技大学硕士学位论文 VI 3.5.3 集群通信······································································································· 26 3.5.4 互联网···········································································································26 3.6 智慧园区传感系统的组成·················································································· 27 3.6.1 视频数据采集······························································································· 27 3.6.2 环境参数监测数据采集················································································27 3.6.3 车辆定位数据采集······················································································· 27 3.7 智慧园区信息平台的数据库设计·······································································28 3.7.1 用户管理相关数据表的设计········································································28 3.7.2 实时监测部分相关数据表的设计································