very few studies consider environmental impact in network design. The lack of integration with real-world data is also a shortcoming of some studies. To fill the aforementioned research gap in UAM route net- ALOS World 3D-30m (AW3D30) data [11]. It is a global Digital Surface Model (DSM) that represents land terrain (natural and built features) with approximately a resolution of 30 meters. The ALOS World 3D 3D data that covers Singapore is visualized in Figure 1. Figure 1: ALOS World 3D DSM data covering Singapore To identify airspace that is potentially hazardous to UAM operations, the airspace classification

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